为什么顿巴斯战争，2014年8月之前，乌克兰政府军队战无不胜，8月以后，乌克兰政府军队战无不败？第1页

galano 网友的相关建议:

因为顿巴斯有来自全世界的国际主义战士，比如来自南德州的前美军老兵Russell Bentley (

https://www. youtube.com/watch? v=KSTm8rM5DuE

)。他们保卫的是反抗西乌克兰和基辅傀儡政府的人民，他们并不是以乌克兰军队为主要敌人，法西斯雇佣军才是。顿巴斯也得到了来自世界许多国家的觉醒的普通人的支持，从物质到精神。正如老牛仔Russell说的，顿巴斯的民兵和来自世界各地的志愿者所保卫的并不仅仅是顿巴斯，所反抗的也绝不仅仅是乌克兰傀儡政府的佣兵和法西斯组织，他们更希望的是通过顿巴斯的坚守而不成为下一个阿富汗，利比亚，叙利亚，伊拉克，南斯拉夫，来告诉世界，谁才是邪恶的势力，谁才是这个世界所有爱好和平和热爱生活的最大敌人。

顿巴斯的国际志愿兵来源其实很复杂。有的是冲着信仰去的，比如共产主义者，有的是不带共产信仰的国际主义者，有的是雇佣军，有的是俄联邦退伍军人，有的是俄粉(我也是俄粉, 但我也就键盘BB学学俄语罢了。。从来没有真的去做点实实在在的，不管是为了巴勒斯坦被占领土的人。。还是顿巴斯。。卢干斯克。。一个嘴炮而已)。顿巴斯脱离乌克兰已经成为无法逆转的事实。只是未来走向未定，或许一个亲俄的独立国家，或者成为俄国新州，或者成为共和国加入俄联邦。顿巴斯武装力量发展很快，一开始新闻还说他们是民兵游击队。现在已经统一整编为DPM(Donbass People's Militia)。昨天看一个前天拍的他们的训练视频，这分明就是俄军的退伍军人和国际纵队的联军。。从两栖步战车，主战坦克，两栖坦克，直升机，专业工兵和架桥的那个什么车。。都有。。这些国际纵队多数都有过服役经历，有的有过多处战斗经历。这个德州老头在1960年生，美军服役三年，两年驻扎西德一年驻扎路易斯安那，服役期没打过仗，倒是退役了去墨西哥参加对毒枭私人军队的作战。。他加入的军事单位是讲西语为主的国际志愿兵组织。有的来自墨西哥，有的来自南美反政府游击队。这些人作战意志非常强，经常以少敌众。二十五对两百这种。。但乌克兰军基层士兵压根就不想打，一是不想残杀兄弟，二是待遇实在太差而军官贪腐严重。真的有战斗意图的是西乌克兰的法西斯游击队和民兵。但战斗素质和总体作战意志远逊DPM。当然现在如果抛开乌克兰军手里的苏联遗产的话，法西斯游击队，雇佣军，民兵的装备水平已经不如俄军加持的DPM了。

关于Russell Bentley，他本来在德州墨西哥边境做树木医生，九十年代也卖大麻但是被人出卖蹲了五年。是一个共产主义者。国际共运圣地，除了中国，他都拜访过。他说他在顿巴斯战事结束后的梦想是开个墨西哥餐厅，再娶个当地女人。然后定居于此。

像他的人很多，比如还有一个英国志愿兵，叫Ben Stimson （

https://www. youtube.com/watch? v=ev6WyrDri04

），在顿巴斯打了差不多一年。回曼城就被捕了，罪名是恐怖主义xx罪。。。。不过今年又放出来了，被剥夺探视亲人权力，不得拥有住房，等各种限令。在最近的采访中他准备重返顿巴斯，或者俄国，入籍，定居。

当然最多的就是俄国志愿兵。。还有一些从附近城市比如顿涅茨克，卢干斯克，阿尔切夫斯克等等过来帮忙的退役女兵。

https://www. youtube.com/watch? v=9sfz_OfWQ8s

这些女兵。和男人一样在前线作战的女兵。当然也有枪玩不转的就来做饭，或者战场救护。有的人是抛下了孩子和家庭赶过去，有的是追随丈夫，也有的是追随全家。其中有个特好看的女兵。。她说她爸被炸伤了。。她实在不能在电视和电脑前再忍下去，就来了。。就像1998年俄罗斯反映车臣战争惨烈的一部电影《炼狱》里的两个立陶宛女狙击手，那俩女雇佣兵原来是立陶宛女子射击队的。。。为了支援车臣独立，也为了挣钱，就去了。。

他们这些人，抛开年龄，性别，语言，国籍，经济能力，家庭背景，教育程度，关于他们的决定和所做的事情，有一些在认知上共同点：

1. 反法西斯。这是针对西乌克兰的法西斯分子和纵容法西斯的乌克兰政客而言的，并不针对平民。其中不少人在战线两边都有自己的朋友，甚至亲人。

2. 反美帝（就像这位来自莫斯科的普通大叔，

https://www. youtube.com/watch? v=8BdYYmtxC5A

）。很简单，不希望CIA再一次得逞。

3. 反对滥杀无辜。妇女儿童老人及其他非武装平民。

4. 认同共产主义，这个并不是全部，但很多人在衣服上，或者帽子上，别着镰刀锤子的徽章。前面那位德州老爹干脆就到哪都穿前苏联军靴，抽25年前制造的标着苏联制造的烟，不知道从哪弄的。。

5. 热爱俄罗斯。具体而言，有的国际纵队热爱的其实是追求共产主义的那个时代，如果说他们是从过去穿越而来的也不算很夸张。当然对于很多俄罗斯志愿兵而言，他们都不希望战火烧到俄罗斯境内。拿破仑入侵，一战协约国武装干涉，二战德国入侵，所有这些历史的记忆融入了文学，音乐，舞蹈，戏剧，而所有这些都融入了俄罗斯人的血液，怎么会忘记？

这些来自各地的志愿兵聚集在一起，的确是国际纵队。但和西班牙内战不一样的是，这一次的国际纵队必将迎来胜利。因为就在俄罗斯家门口，就在普京的眼皮底下。他们说面对的傀儡政府并不如佛朗哥将军那样的强力，并且乌克兰军队也士气低落。而乌克兰政府背后的老板，美国和北约，尽管也在提供赞助，支援，但效果甚微。。除了会让乌克兰越来越小。。并没有什么显著的变化。假如明年川普上台，基本也就意味着顿巴斯可以决定是否正式独立建国或并入俄国。不过从俄国可能会遭到更大的制裁的角度看，一个亲善的独立顿巴斯，显然是更折衷的选择。90年代末，美国和北约肢解了南联盟，现在俄罗斯如法炮制。很好。

从政治的角度看，美俄角力下的代理人战争自不必说。但对于普通的个人而言，他们做出的是自己的选择，为了自己相信的，热爱的。有的人，比如youtube的评论区里，说他们是政治的工具，像乌克兰傀儡政府和法西斯民兵一样是被牵线的木偶。我觉得并不是这样，那些志愿兵在决定做下之前通常都有自己的平静生活，有的人有好的工作，有的人收入不错，有的人还有可爱的小孩，和普通人一样，热爱生活。正是这些看起来不起眼的平凡生活，在战争出现的时候，才显得格外的珍贵，所以他们想要去做点什么，不要让巴尔干，北非，中东有过的悲剧重演在自己身边。而这样想并付诸行动的人多了，也就形成了书写历史的力量。

关于顿巴斯的武装力量，派系太多了。详细请参考：

Separatist forces of the war in Donbass

关于顿巴斯，是东乌克兰发生战争的区域的总称，包含

Donetsk People's Republic

(DPR) 和

Luhansk People's Republic

(LPR) 两个宣布自治实质独立的共和国，这两个共和国各有自己的来源众多的武装力量，而这两个共和国，因为都在历史上的新俄罗斯，而彼此合作关系密切，命运紧密相连，又以邦联的形式，组成了新俄罗斯邦联，也就是Novorossiya. 新俄罗斯在历史上首现于1774年俄土战争后的俄国获得的新领土。具体请看

Novorossiya (confederation)

。

2014年底这两国一度同意将新俄罗斯命名为Union of People's Republics，人民共和合众国，但后来过了1年，在去年五月彻底放弃了这个合众国计划和名称，毕竟还是不要给普京大帝添堵了。。。

顿巴斯战场上的战斗单位:

File:Flag of the Vostok Battalion (Donetsk People's Republic).svg

Flag of the Vostok Battalion

File:Flag of the Sparta Battalion.svg

Flag of the Sparta Battalion

File:Somalia Battalion flag.png

Flag of the Somalia Battalion

来自顿涅斯科人民共和国的武装力量:

Donbass People's Militia (Russian: Народное ополчение Донбасса)

North Battalion (Russian: Батальон «Север») (unofficial)
1st Sloviansk Brigade (Russian: 1-й Славянская бригада) – Brigade that was formerly commanded by Igor Strelkov.
Patriotic Forces of Donbass (Russian: Патриотические силы Донбасса)

Vostok Brigade (Russian: Бригада «Восток», meaning "East Brigade") – Special forces brigade that was founded and led by Alexander Khodakovsky. It has foreign volunteers including Russians and North Ossetians.
Began as a battalion, and as of June 2014 had about 500 men according to Khodakovsky.
It later increased to a brigade.

Svarog Battalion – The battalion was formed by members of the Rodnovery (Slavic native faith) movement, at its peak 1,200 fighters, which is now part of the Vostok Brigade.

Oplot Brigade (Russian: Батальон «Оплот», meaning "Bulwark Battalion") – Commanded by Alexander Zakharchenko.. Originally a battalion, it expanded to a brigade by May 2015.
Russian Orthodox Army (Russian: Русская православная армия) – A senior commander of the unit is Alexander Verin. One of the armed groups, which control Donetsk, formed mostly by locals from coal mine towns. It reportedly had 100 members at the time of its founding. According to Ukrainian sources, in June 2014 has at least 350 fighters. According to independent sources as fighting between separatists and the Ukrainian government worsened in Donbass, membership rose to 4,000.
Miner's Division (Russian: Шахтёрская дивизия) – Founded shortly after the rebel withdrawal from Sloviansk and Kramatorsk. It is commanded by Konstantin Kuzmin. Fighters typically range from ages 22–60. Composed of former coal miners. (矿工队.....)

Kalmius Brigade (Russian: Бригада «Кальмиус») – Special forces brigade commanded by Sergei Petrovskiy.

Consolidated Orthodox Battalion "Voshod" or Voshod Battalion (Russian: Батальон «Восход», meaning "Sunrise Battalion") – Formed in June 2014, it had 300 fighters.
Steppe Battalion (Russian: Батальон «Степь»)
DPR Security Service Battalion (Russian: Батальон службы безопасности Донецкой народной республики) – Security Service of the Donetsk People's Republic.
Sparta Battalion (Russian: Батальон «Спарта») – Special forces battalion led by Arseny Pavlov, known by the call sign Motorola. Includes Russians, fighters typically have helmets and modern personal equipment.
1st Separate Battalion-Tactical Group "Somalia" or Somalia Battalion (Russian: Батальон «Сомали») – Tactical group led by Lieutenant colonel Mikhail Tolstykh, known by the call sign Givi. 关于Givi, 有一个9月初他接受采访的视频：https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rNVe4rMrjoU 这位Givi祖籍格鲁吉亚，顿涅斯科人，战前曾在乌克兰军服役，现同其他独立军力量领袖一样，被列在欧洲理事会的制裁名单中。
DPR Republican Guard (Russian: Республиканская гвардия ДНР) – Elite unit created by Alexander Zakharchenko on January 12, 2015. Commanded by Major-general Ivan Kondratov, and is composed of six battalions that totals more than 3,000 fighters.

International Brigade "Pyatnashka" or Pyatnashka Brigade (Russian: Бригада «Пятнашка», meaning "15th Brigade") – International brigade commanded by Akhra Avidzba, known by the call signAbkhaz. DPR positions in Marinka are held by this unit.

Diesel Battalion (Russian: Батальон «Дизель») – Separate tank battalion formed in 2015 that is equipped with Russian equipment, including T-72B1s.
Mariupol-Khingan Naval Infantry (Russian: Мариупольско-Хинганский морская пехота) - Formed in 2016. The name is based on the World War 2 Soviet 221st Infantry Mariupol-Khingan Red Banner Order of Suvorov Division.

Independent DPR forces[

edit

]

International Battalions – Includes Russian, Chechen, Greek, Ossetian, Polish, Hungarian, Serbian, Latvian, Belarusian, Uzbek, French, German, Italian, Spanish, Armenian and other volunteers.

Orthodox Dawn (Bulgarian: Православна Зора) – Bulgarian volunteer group.
Legion of Saint Stephen (Russian: Легион Святого Иштвана) – Hungarian subgroup of international battalions.
The group espouses a Hungarian nationalist platform, demanding self-determination for the Hungarian minority inZakarpattia Oblast,
and has been accused of being close to the far-right Jobbik party in Hungary.
Jovan Šević Detachment (Serbian: одред «Јован Шевић») – Serbian Chetnik-led group commanded by Bratislav Živković, has 250 fighters.
In October 2014 the fighters returned to Serbia.
Death Battalion (Russian: Батальон «Смерть») – Chechen volunteer group.

Varyag Battalion (Russian: Батальон «Варяг»), meaning "Varangian Battalion") – Volunteer battalion commanded by Alexander Matyushin.
RNU Volunteer Units – Includes volunteers from Russian National Unity and other Neo-nazi organizations.

Luhansk People's Republic[

edit

]

LPR People's Militia (Russian: Народная милиция ЛНР). Formerly known as Army of the South-East (Russian: Армия Юго-Востока) until late 2014.

Zarya Battalion (Russian: Батальон «Заря», meaning "Dawn Battalion") – Commanded by Andrei Patrushev. Includes Russian volunteers – national-bolsheviks,
members of The Other Russia.
Leshiy Battalion (Russian: Батальон «Леший», meaning "Forest-spirit Battalion") – Special forces battalion commanded by Aleksey Pavlov.
1st Separate Mechanized Brigade "August" or August Battalion – The only tank battalion in the LPR People's Militia.

Independent LPR forces[

edit

]

File:Flag of the Ghost Brigade.svg

Flag of the Prizrak Brigade

Great Host of Don Cossacks (Russian: Всевеликое войско Донское) – An international organisation that recruits volunteers from Ukraine and Russia.

Cossack National Guard (Russian: Казачья Национальная гвардия) – Don Cossack volunteer group commanded by Rashid Shakirzanov. The group has over 4,000 fighters and have access to armor and artillery. From May to November 2014, the group was commanded by Ataman Nikolai Kozitsyn. Kozitsyn was forcibly removed from power in November 2014 and replaced by Shakirzanov. The group's headquarters is in Antratsyt, and their rule expands to Krasnyi Luch. Initially, this group was identified as Russian Special Forces by the U.S. State Department following the takeover of the Sloviansk city council.
In November 2014, the group instated capital punishment in Perevalsk to deter crime.
Kozitsyn stated that there is no more marauding, burglaries or car-jacking in the city.
They refused to join the LPR's military command but insist on cooperating with them, remaining autonomous and controlling territory.

First Cossack Regiment (Russian: Первый казачий полк) – Don Cossack volunteer group commanded by Ataman Pavel Dryomov. The group has around 1,300 fighters, and the headquarters is in Stakhanov. Originally part of Kozitsyn's Cossack National Guard until it split in September 2014. Dryomov denounced the LPR's leadership as being corrupt and "pro-oligarchic". Dryomov was killed on 12 December 2015 when his car was blown up by an unknown perpetrator the day after his wedding.
Mechanized Brigade "Prizrak" or Prizrak Brigade (Russian: Бригада «Призрак», meaning "Ghost Brigade") – Mechanized infantry brigade that is commanded by Yuri Shevchenko. It was formed and led by Aleksey Mozgovoy until his assassination on 23 May 2015. The group keeps its distance from the LPR authorities and is based in Alchevsk and the surrounding district.

Continental Unit (French: Unité Continentale) – French, Serbian and Brazilian volunteer group.
Unit #404 – International communist volunteer group commanded by Piotr Biriukov.

已经解散了的部队：

File:Flag of the Rapid Response Group "Batman".svg

Flag of the Rapid Response Group "Batman"

United Battalions of the DPR and LPR.

North Battalion
Prizrak Battalion

Rapid Response Group "Batman" or Batman Battalion (Russian: Группа быстрого реагирования «Бэтмен») – Commanded by Alexander Bednov until he was killed in an attack on his convoy on 1 January 2015.
Members of the group said that the attack was ordered by head of the Luhansk People's Republic Igor Plotnitsky.
Following this attack, the LPR arrested some of Bednov's men, and dissolved the battalion.
Some of its personnel were dispersed into other LPR units, while DPR field commanders Givi and Motorola invited former members to join their battalions.

Rusich Company (Russian: ДШРГ «Русич») – Special forces-type company commanded by Aleksey Milchakov. Made up of far-right Russian volunteers. On July 10, 2015, Milchakov announced that the Rusich Company would be withdrawing from Donbass for retraining and refitting.

非战斗单位：

Novorossiya Humanitarian Battalion (Russian: Гуманитарный батальон «Новороссия») – non-combat unit involved in protecting the delivery of humanitarian aid.

以上这些战斗单位均来自

Separatist forces of the war in Donbass

。因为实在太多了。。英文又基本都看得懂懒得翻。。说实话查完这一页这一章关于武装力量的明细后也是很惊讶，惊讶之后，心里只有对于他们的两个字评价：

必胜。

另一个很重要的胜利因素在于，新俄罗斯人，如同世界其他地方的反抗军，当然也包括ISIS这样的恐怖力量，很懂得使用互联网，社交媒体，传播自己的声音，赢得同情和支援。上面列出的Novorossiya Humanitarian Battalion只是帮助新俄罗斯邦联获得人道主义救援物资的一个组成部分，在战事发生后，很多来自其他国家，独联体国家，拉丁美洲，美国南部特别是德州，英国，西欧等地区的捐赠，援助也帮助到了新俄罗斯邦联。尽管国际媒体总体上还是把控在美国西欧手里，但那些对美国政府，资本主义社会下的财团政客媒体合作有了深刻了解的人明白互联网的重要性。

youtube一段摄录于7月的前线战斗视频：

https://www. youtube.com/watch? v=zp2-XtGujUI

一个从2014年底开始帮忙从战场上运回牺牲者遗体至墓地的母亲。她的两个儿子都参加了防止法西斯民兵侵入的民兵组织。小儿子8月20号也牺牲了。她依然在做着和过去一年多一样的事情：运送牺牲者至墓地（类似烈士陵园）。她说，这块土地上的人，二战的时候抗击过德国人，乌克兰法西斯，2014年开始，再一次地成为战场，抗击乌克兰法西斯。没有任何人能让顿巴斯屈服，过去没有，未来也不会有。她说她特别特别渴望和平，因为那些爱国者的存在和牺牲，和平一定会到来。

https://www. youtube.com/watch? v=fE0bDX3bsds

What's Going on in Donbass? 顺便吐槽下，这个视频的上传和制作者，是一个叫From Russia with Love的独立媒体。然而这个媒体坐标基辅。但坦白说，我看不出独立在哪。。提问者几乎要炸了。。虽然她倒是在视频最后为她的过于情绪化而道歉。。

https://www. youtube.com/watch? v=S-wlHAN_nyM

先是柴可夫斯基纪念1812年抗击拿破仑胜利的1812 Overture, 然后是1912年的Farewell of Slavianka，再到今天的顿巴斯保卫战，横跨两百年，一直都在讲同一件事：

Russia Will Never Surrender，当然这是2年前赫鲁晓夫之子谢尔盖·赫鲁晓夫在提及克里米亚的未来时说的。正是他爹在1954年出于物流及政治经济原因把克里米亚在行政区划上划归了同在苏联旗下的乌克兰。（

Khrushchevs Son: Russia Will Never Surrender

）

(当然，如果你每个视频都看了的话，会发现，其实我上面说的都是一面之词。立场早已预设了。)

____2022年3月15日更新____

偶然在b站看到了这位德州老哥的最新消息的视频。【“美国老兵”在乌东抗击法西斯8年，誓要狠狠踢纳粹屁股-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/2ObJznZ

他还活着，头发胡子已经花白，人也浮囊了不少，但精神依然很好，充满了斗志! 德州之光!

为什么顿巴斯战争，2014年8月之前，乌克兰政府军队战无不胜，8月以后，乌克兰政府军队战无不败？的其他答案点击这里