如何看待东南大学、南京航空航天大学等高校要求退站博士后退还在校期间所有工资以及福利待遇？ 第1页

激励理论(Incentive Theory)有一大块文献，都是用来解决雇员的有限责任(Limited Liability)问题的。

因为雇主只能有限的去惩罚雇员——一般来说这个下限是0，也就是不能让雇员比现状更坏，只能奖励。就像年底的分红和年终奖，老板可以说绩效不够所以不给，这没问题；但是不能说你把12个月的工资都给我退回来——这就属于「让雇员比现状更坏」了。

因为有限责任，于是产生了社会损失——老板必须提供额外的奖励，才能让雇员行动起来。

2007年的诺奖马斯金，2014年的诺奖梯若尔，2016年的诺奖哈特，2020年的诺奖米尔格罗姆，这四届诺奖都在这个领域做出过贡献，提出了一个又一个精巧的模型和机制，来减轻因为有限责任而导致的社会福利的损失。并且给出了在一些极其特殊情况下，如何在有限责任的情况下达到社会最优(First Best)的条件。

事实证明，这四代诺奖花的大量时间，做的基本都是无用功。

「完不成标准，退还在校期间所有工资以及福利待遇」，基本上是在没有人身依附关系的情况下，一个机构能给于其雇员的最大惩罚了——再往上，只有公权力才行。因为这就类似于假一罚十的惩罚性赔偿了，需要经过法院的同意。并且人家辛苦干了一两年，说「惩罚性赔偿」怎么也说不过去啊。

所以，这项制度创新的突破了有限责任的限制，用最小的单位用人成本，最大化了员工的激励。

一力降十会，诺奖们花时间精力设计那些精巧的机制有什么用？要从本质上着手：如果有限责任是效率的障碍，也导致用人成本的增加，那么我们就消除有限责任；如果外部选择——比如跳槽对效率不利，或者增加用人成本，我们就制造障碍让雇员无法跳槽。

记得去年贫困经济学诺奖的时候，有人说：搞那么多实验有什么用？不如一个中层扶贫干部来的实在。现在江山代有才人出，高校的管理人员思想活跃，敢于创新，打破条条框框，致力于提高学校的投入产出比。这难道不也是对激励理论的创造性应用吗？

希望相关的管理人员再接再厉，把经验发扬光大，升华成理论。有朝一日，能够在宣布诺奖的时候听到：…… for the improvement of contract theory, and inventions of new contract format that eliminates limited liability. 卿其勉之！

很多年轻网民是00后，甚至可能是10后。小朋友们，你们或许没看过一部老电影《闪闪的红星》，里面有个大恶霸叫胡汉三：

胡汉三有句名言：拿了我的给我还回来，吃了我的给我吐出来！我胡汉三又回来了！

千万别娱乐化，忘记历史，以为这句话来自洗刷刷。现在看到了吧？胡汉三真的回来了。

相关的博士后们，拿了人家学校的，赶紧给人还回去吧。吃了学校食堂的，这么多年了，也不好吐出来了。就找个厕所，挖等量的黄金，还给学校吧。

我现在真有个感觉：求求你整点儿资本主义的活吧。

更新一下，由于“非升即走”的名声太臭，现在大学人事处纷纷把它改名字了，更新后的名字包括但不限于：

特聘系列：特聘研究员，特聘副研究员，特聘助理研究员，特聘教授，特聘副教授。

助理教授：这个不解释，看下面的内容。

学校直聘系列：直聘研究员，直聘副研究员等等。

专职科研岗系列：高校和研究所招你去，做的事情与教学无关，与学生无关，也就是你连带学生的资格都没有，有也是挂在别人名下借给你带。这个系列，翻译过来就是：你不仅干完得走人，在干的时候还没资格参与学校的教学! 有的人会想：“不参与教学，我专心搞科研不就好了？”实际上，就是没有学生给你带，你进去就是个做实验干活的。

师资博士后系列：前几年甚至更早的师资博士后，通常都是本校本实验室学生毕业后，想留校，但是学校编制不够，所以搞个师资博士后留校，这种基本上是等有编制或者达到基本要求后，就直接留校给编制。现在在很多地方已经沦为”高级博士后“的一个变种，除非你是博士毕业留校，对实验室知根知底，你的导师也有话语权。

预聘系列：预聘结束后，可根据成果酌情申请留校。

欢迎留言补充新的名词。。。

招这些称谓的唯一目的：刷学校的学术GDP。

中国的博士后等于又读了个博士，博士后明明是个工作，在中国就变成第二次读博，还得答辩，还得把之前发的工资吐出来 ，让人恶心

咱们来看个真实的招聘信息:

一下子招200个博士后，准备搞什么？就是养蛊让你内卷啊，但又没钱养这么多博士后怎么办？咱接着往下看。年薪26w，但其中有18w是zf出的，等于学校就拿了8w，我的老天爷啊，你拿8w来招博士后干活，你8w能招个刚毕业的硕士过来吗？

下面那些奖励就不用看了，没有一条能兑现的。我都能看明白，我相信绝大多数博士都能看明白，但为什么还有人去呢，说到底还是博士太多了，我们每年毕业的博士数量全世界第一，超过美国。但岗位没有增加多少，那就“卷”吧。

做博士后尽量去国外做，虽然国外也有很多坑，但至少人家明码标价，不虚标，该给你配的资源都给你配上，钱也到位。不至于国内8万年薪就想忽悠个博士干活啊！

听说现在是这样的

咋不干脆直接把工资卡也上交保管呢？

东南大学某些下级单位更加无耻地用专职科研岗骗无知的韭菜说是新体制的准聘副教授，大规模收割青年基金

还有招聘宣传是三年，实际每年考核减工资的内部文件

案例

搞笑诺贝尔奖可以的，貌似之前得奖的也没这么牛

邮箱 "marc"<marc@improbable.com>; 已投。大家一起提名走起

“Nomination of the Ig Nobel economic prize:

Human Resources of some Chinese universities, Southeast University in particular.

For tremendous contributions to the development and realization of incentive theory, of solving the problem of limited liability once for all.

This is a translated version of their ingenious contract for postdocs, the terms 5, 7 and 8 stated that postdocs who fail to fulfill the expectations or fall ill for longer than 3 months, will be expelled and must return all their salaries. The university is able to enforce these terms due to their control on the postdocs' personnel files:

"Post doctoral research agreement of Southeast University

Due to the needs of work, Southeast University (Party A) entrusts mobile station to accept the work of comrade (Party B) entering the station, After negotiation, Party A and Party B sign this agreement voluntarily and abide by it.

1、 Party B shall work in Party A's mobile station from (mm / DD / yyyy) to (mm / DD / yyyy) for a period of years. Generally, Party B shall not leave the station in advance or delay.

2、 The main contents and expected objectives of Party B's two-year internal medicine research project are as follows:

The main contents of the project are as follows

Expected objectives:

3、 The post doctoral cooperative teachers of Party A are, and the cooperative teachers shall provide Party B with scientific research and office conditions during the working period of mobile station according to the specific conditions, including scientific research funds, instruments and equipment, scientific research assistants, etc. Ensure that Party B can start work after entering the station. During the working period of the mobile station, Party B shall enjoy the same treatment as the staff of the University. Party A shall provide Party B with necessary working and living conditions in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state.

4、 During the period of working in the mobile station, Party B shall abide by the implementation rules of the measures for the management of postdoctoral researchers of Southeast University and the relevant rules and regulations of the national post doctoral Management Committee, and shall perform its due obligations.

5、 Party B shall work hard within the period specified in the agreement, and conduct interim assessment within about one year after entering the station. Two months before the expiration of the work period, Party B shall submit a written research report to Party A. the person who passes the exit examination shall leave the station; otherwise, it shall be treated as withdrawing from the station, and no postdoctoral certificate shall be issued. The salary shall be suspended from the next month after leaving the station or from the next month fringe benefits. Those who leave the station shall return their wages and benefits to the school during their stay.

6、 Postdoctoral students are not allowed to apply for long-term study abroad (including Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan), but can apply to participate in international academic conferences and short-term visits of no more than three months related to research work during their stay in the station.

7、 In case of continuous leave for more than three months due to illness during the postdoctoral period, the post doctoral research work shall be terminated and the case shall be handled as withdrawal.

8、 If Party B fails to complete the tasks assigned by Party A, violates the school discipline and regulations, or violates the national laws and regulations, Party A has the right to order Party B to withdraw from the station and pay and welfare benefits during the period of returning to the station.

9、 This Agreement shall come into force as of the date of signing by both parties, and both parties guarantee to abide by it. The agreement is made in triplicate, with Party A's client and Party B holding one copy respectively, and the post doctoral Management Office of the personnel department of the University for record.

10、 During the execution of the agreement, if there are other matters which are not specified in this contract, the relevant national regulations or Party A's regulations shall be followed. If there is no provision, Party A and Party B can amend and supplement through negotiation. The supplementary agreement has the same effect as this contract.

Party A's client: (person in charge of mobile station) signature and seal:

Signature and seal of Party B"

南京师范大学也有相同规定。本人是受害者。

2021年7月16日更新:

我向中央巡视组反映东南大学博士后退站退工资后，接到东南大学博管办的电话，内容为:“这是一个比较老的09年左右的协议书，已经被我们的聘用合同代替，东南大学退站博士后三百人，从未出现退工资的情况……”

那么实际情况如何呢？有知情者说一下吗？

国内的博士后制度实在太奇葩。

奇葩一，按理说博士后是一份临时工作，但国内硬生生玩成了一个比博士更高的学历。手续严密，时间固定。有入站出站，如果老板学校不点头，还不能出站，出站会发证。一生只能做两届。

奇葩二，导师招博士后，自己却不怎么掏薪水，政府+学校负责大头或者全部。导师只需出个仨瓜俩枣就可以招博后。于是乎经济发达地区，野鸡大学都在招博后。导师对博后的理解彻底是白送的底层劳动力。

奇葩三，见本话题题目。