4 月 11 日上海新增本土确诊病例 994 例、无症状感染者 22348 例，目前情况如何？

本日净新增23069例，其中隔离管控中发现22283例，管控外发现786例，占比3.4%。

分析：

1.部分区域还没有实现应收尽收，社会传染源没有清零，不能确定之后疫情走势。

2.农产品供应链防疫存在难度，且部分小区解封带来人员流动，不排除有新增传染链的可能性。

3.农产品供应链疫情不能清零，对周边地区带来很大压力。

二，保供思路

对于有较多病例的小区，建议用社区团购+外地对口支援+集装箱装载分户打包物资+专列的形式供应生活物资，减少本地分装和配送工作量 ，通过减少人员聚集控制疫情传播风险；

已经清零的小区采用市场化供应的形式

三、英国卫报报道，随着英国学会与新冠共存，它面临着一轮新的破坏

原标题：Britain learns to live with Covid, it faces a new pandemic of disruption^[1]

Staff shortages, delays and rising prices are playing havoc with the healthcare, education, farming, hospitality and travel sectors

员工短缺、延误和价格上涨正在对医疗保健、教育、农业、酒店和旅游业造成严重破坏

Andrew Gregory, Richard Adams, Rachel Hall, Tom Levitt and Gwyn TophamSat 9 Apr 2022 08.30 BST

创作时间，2022年4月9日

Although the UK no longer faces the threat of lock downs or intensive care units being imminently overrun, corona virus is still disrupting much of society and the economy.

尽管英国不再面临封锁或重症监护病房即将超负荷的威胁，但冠状病毒仍在扰乱大部分社会和经济秩序。

As Britain learns to live with Covid, the virus is still playing havoc with our daily lives, and these difficulties have been compounded by post-Brexit chaos in some in sectors.

随着英国学会与新冠共存，该病毒仍在对我们的日常生活造成严重破坏，而英国脱欧后一些行业的混乱加剧了这些困难。

健康 Health

The resurgence of Covid-19 may not be causing the same number of deaths as before, but it is still causing widespread problems.

新冠病例的增长可能不会造成与以前相同的死亡人数，但它仍然造成了广泛的问题。

Medical professionals and healthcare providers alike hoped that 2022 would be the year they got back on track, after two years of cancelled operations, delayed treatments and missed screenings.

经过两年的取消手术，延迟治疗和延误定期筛查，医疗专业人员和医疗保健提供者都希望2022年将是他们回到正轨的一年。

But the pressure on hospitals and other healthcare settings remains intense.

但医院和其他医疗机构面临的压力仍然很大。

In England, the rate of Covid-19 hospital admissions – 20.5 per 100,000 people – is now at its highest point since January 2021. It is the fifth successive weekly increase.

在英格兰，新冠的住院率连续5周上涨，每10万人中有20.5人 - 现在处于2021年1月以来的最高水平。

The number of people in hospital seriously ill with Covid-19 remains very low – 315 patients are in mechanical ventilator beds – and almost three in five patients (58%) who have tested positive for Covid-19 are being treated primarily for something else.

新冠重症患者人数仍然很低 - 315名患者在呼吸机上 - 几乎五分之三的患者（58%）对新冠检测呈阳性，主要接受其他治疗。

However, all patients who test positive must be treated separately from other people in hospital, adding to pressures faced by NHS staff who are already trying to clear a record backlog of routine treatment.

工作人员已经试图清除创纪录的常规治疗积压。然而，所有检测呈阳性的患者都必须与医院的其他人分开治疗，这增加了NHS工作人员面临的压力。

With more than 20,000 patients with Covid-19 now occupying hospital beds in the UK, finding space for others who urgently need care is a daily logistical nightmare.

目前，英国有超过20000名新冠患者占据医院病床，为急需护理的其他人寻找空间是每天的后勤噩梦。

Healthcare workers are also increasingly becoming infected, which means there are fewer staff to treat patients. The number of NHS staff at hospitals in England off work due to Covid-19 has risen for the fourth week in a row, with an average of 28,560 either ill or having to self-isolate every day in the last week.

医护人员感染越来越普遍，这意味着治疗患者的工作人员越来越少。由于新冠，英格兰医院的NHS工作人员病假人数连续第四周上升，上周平均每天有28560人生病或不得不自我隔离。

In many cases, the NHS has tried to switch to alternative methods of delivering care, such as home-based services, multi-month prescriptions and telemedicine. Inevitably, though, treatment for the most serious health problems, such as cancer, still requires hospital bed and a team of medical staff that are fit and healthy.

在许多情况下，NHS试图转向提供护理的替代方法，例如家庭服务，多月处方和远程医疗。然而，不可避免的是，治疗最严重的健康问题如癌症，仍然需要医院的病床和一支健康的医务人员团队。

学校 Schools

The Easter holidays arrived this year with more sighs of relief than usual for teachers and school leaders in England. It offered them relief from the toll of Covid-related staff shortages, pupil absences and closures.

今年的复活节假期到来了，英格兰的教师和学校领导比平时更松了一口气。在经历过相关的人员短缺，学生缺勤和关闭的代价后，学校员工可以有短暂的休整。

For head teachers, “living with Covid” has meant juggling staff absence levels as high as at any time in the pandemic. The most recent figures published by the Department for Education (DfE) show that secondary schools have been worst affected, with 8.7% of teachers absent on the last day of March. Overall, one in five schools had more than 15% of their teachers absent.

对于校长来说，“与新冠共存”意味着要应对员工的缺勤率，这与大流行中的任何时候一样高。教育部（DfE）公布的最新数据显示，中学受到的影响最为严重，8.7%的教师在3月的最后一天缺勤。总体而言，五分之一的学校有超过15%的教师缺勤。

The absences come at a critical time, with GCSEs and A-levels starting on 16 May. Many schools have responded by getting available staff to concentrate on year 11 and year 13 students preparing for exams, and using supply teachers – when available – to cover other years. The worst-hit schools have sent non-exam year groups home to study remotely.

缺勤发生在关键时刻，GCSE和A-level考试将于5月16日开始。许多学校对此的回应是，让可用的工作人员和备用教师专注于帮助11年级和13年级的学生准备考试，然后再保障其他年级。受灾最严重的学校已经将非考试年级组送回家远程学习。

Primary schools also face tests, with national assessments, or Sats, for year 6 pupils to go ahead from 9 May, despite protests from school leaders.

尽管学校领导抗议，从5月9日开始，小学6年级学生也面临包括国家评估或SATS的考试。

Paul Whiteman, the general secretary of the National Association of Head Teachers, said he could sense “deep frustration” among his members, with Covid infections circulating in schools even as the government stopped access to free tests on 1 April. “We all assumed ‘living with Covid’ meant there would be very low case levels – this is clearly not the case, and absence rates remain at concerningly highlevels. School leaders feel they have been abandoned,” Whiteman said.

全国校长协会秘书长保罗·怀特曼（Paul Whiteman）表示，即使政府于4月1日停止提供免费检测，他也可以从同事中感受到“深深的挫败感”，因为新冠仍在学校传播。“我们都认为”与新冠共存“'意味着病例水平会非常低。

显然情况并非如此，缺勤率仍然处于令人担忧的高水平，学校领导觉得他们被抛弃了。“怀特曼说。

Although cases within state schools have receded, the DfE’s latest figures still showed 120,000 confirmed Covid infections at the end of March. But when pupils return after Easter Covid absences will be a mystery: the department announced this week that it will stop collecting detailed responses about how many children missed school because of Covid.

尽管公立学校内的病例已经减少，但DfE的最新数据仍然显示，截至3月底，确诊新冠的感染人数为120，000人。但是，当学生在复活节假期返回时缺席率将是一个谜：该部门本周宣布，它将停止收集有关有多少孩子因新冠而缺课的详细回复。

粮食和农业 Food and farming

It has been an exceptionally difficult couple of years for the farming sector, which has faced a host of Brexit and Covid-related shocks and trade restrictions compounded by a dismissive government.

对于农业部门来说，这是非常困难的几年。该行业面临着一系列与英国退欧和新冠相关的冲击和贸易限制，再加上一个不负责任的政府三个因素的影响。

The latter was typified by Boris Johnson suggesting it did not matter if 100,000 pigs were culled on-farm and not able to enter the food chain due to labour shortages in abattoirs, as they would have been killed anyway to make “bacon sandwiches”.

鲍里斯·约翰逊（Boris Johnson）是不负责任的。他认为，如果10万头猪在农场被扑杀并且由于屠宰场的劳动力短缺而无法进入食物链并不重要，因为它们无论如何都会被杀死以制作“培根三明治”。

This week, MPs said the Covid pandemic and restrictions on recruiting overseas labour had resulted in half a million job vacancies in the food and farming sector, with acute shortages of skilled butchers and abattoir workers.

本周，国会议员表示，新冠大流行和对招募海外劳动力的限制导致食品和农业部门出现了50万个职位空缺，熟练屠夫和屠宰场工人严重短缺。

The government’s indifferent response to the crisis, including a temporary short-term visa scheme that was introduced too late to be beneficial, meant crops were left unharvested and rotting in the fields, and healthy animals were culled on-farm, said MPs.

本周，国会议员表示，新冠大流行和对招募海外劳动力的限制导致食品和农业部门出现了50万个职位空缺，熟练屠夫和屠宰场工人严重短缺。

Feed, fuel and fertiliser costs were rising even before the invasion of Ukraine, with high shipping costs dating back to disruption from the pandemic. This resulted in a rise in the price of commodities such as organic soy used to feed cows, pigs and chickens.

甚至在入侵乌克兰之前，饲料，燃料和化肥成本就一直在上涨，大流行造成运输中断后，运输成本一直高昂。这导致用于喂养牛、猪和鸡的有机大豆等商品价格上涨。

And the promised benefits of post-Brexit trade are yet to materialise, with UK food exports falling last year. While UK businesses are treated as a third country by the EU, with additional paperwork and subsequent delays and costs, for EU exporters it is almost as if the UK had never left the single market.

去年英国食品出口下降，英国脱欧后承诺贸易额带来的好处尚未实现。虽然英国企业被欧盟视为第三国，但额外的文书工作以及随后的延误和额外开销，对于欧盟出口商来说，这几乎就像英国从未离开过单一市场一样。

The delays to trade are particularly difficult for products with a shorter shelf life such as sea fish and dairy.

对于保质期较短的产品，如海鱼和乳制品，贸易延迟尤其困难。

For now, the UK’s food sector appears burdened by a combination of wage rises, price increases and, it is feared, food production being exported abroad.

就目前而言，英国的食品部门似乎背负着工资上涨、价格上涨以及人们担心食品出口到国外的双重负担。

酒店 Hospitality

Restaurants and bars heaving with customers during weekends may make it seem like the hospitality industry has recovered from the pandemic, but many businesses are struggling with a Covid hangover. Debts incurred over the past two years must be repaid while the industry deals with rising fuel and product prices – as well as a hike in staffing costs.

周末顾客熙熙攘攘的餐馆和酒吧可能意味着酒店业似乎已经从大流行中恢复过来，但许多企业都在与新冠债务作斗争。过去两年中发生的债务必须偿还，同时该行业还要应对不断上涨的燃料、产品价格以及人员成本的上涨。

Other firms did not survive two years of drastically reduced custom. Figures from the industry analysts AlixPartners, published in January, show a net loss of 8,228 hospitality venues during 2021 – a 7% fall.

其他公司没有在两年的大幅减少的习俗中幸存下来。行业分析师AlixPartners于1月份发布的数据显示，2021年净亏损8，228个酒店场所，下降了7%。

The pandemic’s impact has not been felt evenly across the high street. Pizza and burger restaurants were among the worst hit, with Italian chains shrinking by a net 22% or 448 sites. However, there are encouraging signs that independent restaurants are taking advantage of cheap rent deals and private equity interest, with an increase of 3.7% or 888 sites.

大流行的影响在大街上没有得到均匀的体现。比萨饼和汉堡餐厅受到的打击最为严重，意大利连锁店净萎缩了22%，即448个站点。然而，有令人鼓舞的迹象表明，独立餐厅正在利用廉价的租金交易和私募股权，增长了3.7%，即888个地点。 Data from bookings platform OpenTable shows that in March bookings exceeded levels for the same period in 2019, as people flocked to restaurants and bars to make up for missed opportunities to socialise.

预订平台OpenTable的数据显示，3月份的预订量超过了2019年同期的水平，因为人们涌向餐馆和酒吧，以弥补错失的社交机会。

Britain’s love of a takeaway has endured during the pandemic recovery, too, with a boom in orders for the likes of Crosstown and German Doner Kebab. An estimated 10% to 20% of restaurants’ business is now made up of delivery income.

在大流行复苏期间，英国对外卖的热爱也经久不衰，Crosstown和德国Doner Kebab等公司的订单激增。据估计，现在餐馆业务的10%至20%由外卖收入组成。

But the withdrawal of government support for the hospitality industry in the spring statement has angered restaurant and pub bosses, who wanted to see ministers extend a cut in VAT to 12.5%, since the recovery remains fragile.

但政府在春季声明中撤回对酒店业的支持激怒了餐厅和酒吧老板，他们希望看到部长们将增值税削减幅度扩大到12.5%，因为复苏仍然脆弱。

Consumers have also observed how eating and drinking out is not as cheap as it was before the pandemic, while high inflation and the cost of living crisis means that people will be looking to cut out luxuries. For pub, bar, restaurant and cafe owners, the uncertainty isn’t over yet.

消费者还观察到，外出就餐并不像大流行前那样便宜，而高通胀和生活成本危机意味着人们将寻求削减奢侈品。对于酒馆，酒吧，餐厅和咖啡馆老板来说，不确定性还没有结束。

旅行 Travel

Airports are showing the most visible signs of a travel sector ill-equipped to deal with resurgent demand for holidays after the pandemic, with lengthy queues at Heathrow and scenes verging on chaos at Manchester.

机场显示出最混乱的迹象，表明旅游业没有能力应对大流行后假期需求的复苏，希思罗机场排着长队，曼彻斯特的场面接近混乱。

The sudden lifting of all Covid restrictions by the UK government has opened the floodgates for foreign travel bookings – and unleashed a wave of staff infections. Airlines such as easyJet and, to a lesser extent, British Airways have had to cancel hundreds of flights due to a lack of crew.

英国政府突然取消了所有新冠限制，为外国旅行预订打开了闸门，并引发了一波员工感染。易捷航空（easyJet）等航空公司以及英国航空公司（在较小程度上）由于缺乏机组人员而不得不取消数百个航班。

While the aviation industry had long argued for all testing and locator forms to be scrapped, it was caught on the hop when the government did so at short notice last month.

虽然航空业长期以来一直主张取消所有测试和表格填报，但当政府上个月在短时间内这样做时，它就被严重影响。

Thousands of staff had either been laid off or left since March 2020, and airports such as Manchester are finding it hard to lure them back. The labour market has changed, and short-staffed sectors such as logistics or warehousing can be more attractive than antisocial shifts in security lines or baggage handling.

自2020年3月以来，已有数千名员工被解雇或离开，曼彻斯特等机场发现很难吸引他们回来。劳动力市场已经发生了变化，物流或仓储等人员短缺的部门可能比安检线或行李处理方面的反社会转变更具吸引力。

New hires for airport jobs also have to be vetted by a government service now dealing with a flood of applications – and the process can take months even in quiet times.

机场工作的新员工也必须由政府服务部门进行审查，现在正在处理大量申请 - 即使在通常的时候，这个过程也可能需要几个月的时间。

While the UK has scrapped Covid travel rules, most other countries have not: BA says that around two-thirds of its destinations still require vaccination certificates or other documentation that need to be manually checked, increasing waits at check-in or border controls.

虽然英国已经取消了新冠旅行规则，但大多数其他国家/地区尚未取消：英航表示，其约三分之二的目的地仍需要疫苗接种证书或其他需要手动检查的文件，从而增加了办理登机手续或边境管制的等待时间。

Brexit red tape is also lengthening the 20-mile queues at the Channel. Thousands of lorries are parked on the M20 towards Dover, while a recent customs IT meltdown added to delays.

英国脱欧的繁文缛节也延长了英吉利海峡20英里的队列。成千上万的卡车停在通往多佛尔的M20公路上，而最近的海关IT崩溃增加了延误。

The death spiral of reduced trade with the EU and the pandemic curbs on travel seeded P&O Ferries’ desperate, brazen sacking of 800 crew, leaving services suspended and intensifying hold-ups this Easter.

与欧盟贸易减少的死亡螺旋和大流行对旅行的限制使P&O Ferries（一家轮渡运营商，经营英国到周边国家的轮渡航线）绝望地，厚颜无耻地解雇了800名船员，导致服务暂停，并加剧了今年复活节期间的拖延。