如何评价 Richard Stallman 迫于压力从 MIT 及自由软件基金会离职？

起因是 Richard Stallman 关于 Jeffrey Epstein 事件的评论。

MIT Media Lab 因接受 Epstein 捐助正处于风口浪尖时，Richard Stallman 被指在邮件中为 Epstein 以及前 MIT AI 实验室创始人之一的 Marvin Lee Minsky 涉嫌性侵未成年人的行为辩护。

MIT 校友 Selam Jie Gano 发布了一篇文章，文中指控 Stallman 为 Minsky 涉嫌性侵未成年人的行为开脱，Stallman 在邮件中表示 Minsky “未进行殴打行为”，受害者被贩卖时“可能出于自愿”，在有学生指出受害者不满 18 岁时，Stallman 回复“以某种方式定义强奸在道德上是荒谬的，这取决于其所在的国家或受害者是 18 岁还是 17 岁等细节”。随后作者与 Vice 取得联系，由后者进行了详细报道。据称是 Stallman 与此事相关的邮件也一并公开。

MIT CSAIL 发起抗议活动。此时又有人指出 Stallman 在过往 15 年支持恋童癖和儿童色情制品合法化。具体如下：

2003 年：

“英国正计划制定一项审查法，禁止给予（所谓的）儿童任何与性活动有关的内容或包含对此类活动的提及。这显然包括你可以在普通书店购买的大多数小说。
像往常一样，儿童一词成为一种欺骗形式，因为它包括很大一部分达到性行为活跃年龄的青少年，我们通常不称他们是儿童。
法律还禁止鼓励（所谓的）儿童参与性活动。我认为14岁或以上的每个人都应该参与性行为，尽管不是不分青红皂白（有些人早就准备好了）。人类在青春期过后避免性生活是不自然的，虽然我不会试图向任何人施加压力，但我鼓励大家这样做。
该网站目前在英国托管。如果法律获得通过，我的网站会成为犯罪吗？我将不得不与主持该网站的人讨论是否应将其移至另一个国家。”

25 May 2003 ()
The UK is planning a censorship law that would prohibit "giving a (so-called) child anything that relates to sexual activity or contains a reference to such activity". This clearly includes most novels that you can buy in an ordinary book store.
As usual, the term "child" is used as a form of deception, since it includes teenagers of an age at which a large fraction of people are sexually active nowadays. People we would not normally call children.
The law would also prohibit "encouraging a (so-called) child to take part in sexual activity." I think that everyone age 14 or above ought to take part in sex, though not indiscriminately. (Some people are ready earlier.) It is unnatural for humans to abstain from sex past puberty, and while I wouldn't try to pressure anyone to participate, I certainly encourage everyone to do so.
This web site is currently hosted in the UK. If the law is adopted, will my web site be a crime? I will have to talk with the people who host the site about whether I should move it to another country.

"被提名人说，如果性伴侣的选择受到宪法的保护，卖淫、通奸、恋尸、兽交、拥有儿童色情制品，甚至乱伦和娈童也应受到保护。从法律的角度看，他也许错了——但很不幸。只要没有人被胁迫，所有这些行为都应该是合法的。只是因为偏见和狭隘，它们才非法。
只有当这些行为直接影响到其他人的利益时，才需要制定一些规则。对于乱伦，应采取强制性的避孕措施，以避免近亲繁殖的风险。对于卖淫，应要求有许可证，以确保妓女得到定期的医疗检查，她们应在坚持使用避孕套方面接受培训和支持。与今天的情况相比，这将是公共卫生方面的进步。
对于恋尸，如果死者的遗嘱没有批准，可能需要向近亲请求许可。恋尸将是我应该对我的尸体做什么的第二选择，第一选择是科学或医学用途。当我的尸体不再对我有用时，它也可能对某些人有用。 此外，我经常喜欢 rhinophytonecrophilia（用死去的植物跟鼻子性交）。"

28 June 2003 ()
Dubya has nominated another caveman for a federal appeals court. Refreshingly, the Democratic Party is organizing opposition.
[Reference updated on 2018-05-10 because the old link was broken.]
The nominee is quoted as saying that if the choice of a sexual partner were protected by the Constitution, "prostitution, adultery, necrophilia, bestiality, possession of child pornography, and even incest and pedophilia" also would be. He is probably mistaken, legally--but that is unfortunate. All of these acts should be legal as long as no one is coerced. They are illegal only because of prejudice and narrowmindedness.
Some rules might be called for when these acts directly affect other people's interests. For incest, contraception could be mandatory to avoid risk of inbreeding. For prostitution, a license should be required to ensure prostitutes get regular medical check-ups, and they should have training and support in insisting on use of condoms. This will be an advance in public health, compared with the situation today.
For necrophilia, it might be necessary to ask the next of kin for permission if the decedent's will did not authorize it. Necrophilia would be my second choice for what should be done with my corpse, the first being scientific or medical use. Once my dead body is no longer of any use to me, it may as well be of some use to someone. Besides, I often enjoy rhinophytonecrophilia (nasal sex with dead plants).

https://stallman.org/archives/2003-may-aug.html

2006 年：

“我对自愿恋童癖伤害儿童的主张持怀疑态度。它造成伤害的论据似乎是基于非自愿的案件，而这些案件则被那些因孩子成熟而感到恐惧的父母所困扰。“

05 June 2006 (Dutch paedophiles form political party)
Dutch pedophiles have formed a political party to campaign for legalization.
[Reference updated on 2018-04-25 because the old link was broken.]
I am skeptical of the claim that voluntarily pedophilia harms children. The arguments that it causes harm seem to be based on cases which aren't voluntary, which are then stretched by parents who are horrified by the idea that their little baby is maturing.

https://www.stallman.org/archives/2006-may-aug.html

"许多美国人会看到国土安全部发言人因为通过互联网 向一名14岁女孩提出性行为而被捕的丑闻。
我也看到了一个丑闻，但不是同一个。我认为这个丑闻是这个人在没有对任何人做错的情况下将面临监禁。
有时成年人处于对青少年（甚至是孩子）的权力之中，并利用这种力量来压迫他们进行性行为。这是错误的，因为它是强制的。有时他们操纵或欺骗没有经验的人进行他们不想要的性行为。这不对，因为它不诚实。
但是这个人似乎没有做过这些事情。他正和一个陌生人聊天，显然不会以任何方式依赖他。报告没有理由认为他在施加压力或欺骗她。我们可以说，他正在提出诚实的要求。假设他的对话者是一个真正的女孩，如果她不想和他发生性关系，她就会毫不费力地说‘不，谢谢‘。假设她自愿与他发生性关系，而他们使用安全套和合适的避孕方法，那么对他们中的任何一方都没有伤害。"

06 April 2006 (href="https://stallman.org/archives/2006-mar-jun.html#06%20April%202006%20(DHS%20spokesman%20sex%20scandal?)">DHSspokesman sex scandal?)
Many Americans would see a scandal in the DHS spokesman who has been arrested for proposing sex to a 14-year-old girl through the Internet.
I too see a scandal, but not the same one. I think the scandal is that this man is going to face a prison sentence when he has not done wrong to anyone.
Sometimes adults are in a position of power over teenagers (or even children) and use that power to pressure them into sex. That is wrong because it is coercion. Sometimes they manipulate or trick inexperienced people into sex they didn't want. That's not right because it is not honest.
But this man seems to have done none of those things. He was chatting with a stranger, clearly not dependent on him in any way. The report gives no reason to think he was pressuring or tricking her. For all we can tell, he was making an honest request. Supposing his interlocutor had been a real girl, if she had not wanted to have sex with him, she would have had no trouble saying "no thanks". And supposing she had voluntarily had sex with him, presuming that they used a condom and suitable contraception, it would have done no harm to either of them.

https://stallman.org/cgi-bin/showpage.cgi?path=/archives/2006-mar-jun.html

2011 年：

”当文章说‘拥有儿童色情是一种令人发指的罪行‘时，这篇文章就会出现一种常见的错误。在反对下一次攻击我们的权利时，这种错误在修辞上是合法的。
这个‘儿童色情‘可能是你和你的两个人分享的照片，可能是一个性成熟的少年的形象，任何正常的成年人都会觉得有吸引力。这么一张照片有什么令人发指的事吗？
但即使将被描述为‘孩子‘的主题称为无可争议，这也不是审查制度的借口。拥有照片或绘图不会伤害任何人，所以如果你或我认为这很恶心，那就不是审查的借口。
政府将创造无限的机会来审查我们......“

4 June 2011(Border Searches)
Campaigning for Congress to limit searches of laptops at the US border.
The same should be done for police when they stop drivers.
The article falls into a common kind of error when it says that "possession of child pornography is a heinous offense". It is the error of rhetorically legitimizing the previous attack against our rights in arguing against the next one.
This "child pornography" might be a photo of yourself or your lover that the two of you shared. It might be an image of a sexually mature teenager that any normal adult would find attractive. What's heinous about having such a photo?
But even when it is uncontroversial to call the subject depicted a "child", that is no excuse for censorship. Having a photo or drawing does not hurt anyone, so and if you or I think it is disgusting, that is no excuse for censorship.
The government will invent an unlimited number of opportunities to censor us and search us if we grant the legitimacy of its all-purpose excuses for doing so.

”‘儿童‘色情作品被用作威胁所有美国互联网用户隐私的借口。
‘儿童色情‘一词是不诚实的。对它的审查使年轻的恋人处于起诉的直接危险之中。
许多出版的作品令人作呕，但审查制度更是如此。在互联网上，审查的执行使其他权利处于危险之中。
请支持 demandprogress.org 针对该法案的活动。“

29 August 2011 (Child Pornography Bill)
"Child" pornography is being used as an excuse to threaten all American internet users' privacy.
The term "child pornography" is dishonest. The censorship of it puts young lovers in direct danger of prosecution.
Many published works are disgusting, but censorship is more so. In the Internet, enforcement of censorship puts other rights in danger.
Please support demandprogress.org's campaign against this bill.

https://stallman.org/archives/2011-may-aug.html

2013 年：

“几乎没有证据证明人们普遍认为的恋童癖会伤害儿童。
当然，孩子们可能不敢对年长的亲戚说不，或者可能没有意识到他们能够拒绝；在这种情况下，即使他们没有公开反对，这种关系仍可能会对他们施加压力。这不是自愿参与，而是强制参与，是一个不同的问题。“

04 January 2013 (Pedophilia)
There is little evidence to justify the widespread assumption that willing participation in pedophilia hurts children.
Granted, children may not dare say no to an older relative, or may not realize they could say no; in that case, even if they do not overtly object, the relationship may still feel imposed to them. That's not willing participation, it's imposed participation, a different issue.

https://stallman.org/archives/2012-nov-feb.html

9 月 14 日的邮件中，Richard Stallman 表示自己的评论被媒体误解。

https:// stallman.org/archives/2 019-jul-oct.html

I want to respond to the misleading media coverage of messages I posted about Marvin Minsky's association with Jeffrey Epstein. The coverage totally mischaracterised my statements.
Headlines say that I defended Epstein. Nothing could be further from the truth. I've called him a "serial rapist", and said he deserved to be imprisoned. But many people now believe I defended him — and other inaccurate claims — and feel a real hurt because of what they believe I said.
I'm sorry for that hurt. I wish I could have prevented the misunderstanding.

两天后宣布迫于压力辞职。

16 September 2019 (Resignation)
To the MIT community,
I am resigning effective immediately from my position in CSAIL at MIT. I am doing this due to pressure on MIT and me over a series of misunderstandings and mischaracterizations.
Richard Stallman

Marvin Lee Minsky 在 2016 年 被 Virginia Roberts 指控在自己还是未成年时，在位于 Epstein 所有的私人岛屿上被 Marvin Minsky 性侵。不过这位人工智能领域的先驱人物已经在三年前死于脑出血，据传遗体通过液态氮低温保存在 Alcor 生命延续基金会等待有朝一日重头再来......

儿童色情和性侵害为几乎所有国家所不容，Richard Stallman 多年来的相关言论在现在的社会氛围下迟早有一天会爆炸。昔日那种可发表怪癖言论的同时一心钻研科学技术还能免疫社会舆论攻击的 Nerd 时代早已不复存在。即使他还是那个特立独行、会议上吃脚皮的怪人。

这并不是“给我一个最诚实的人写的六行字，我一定能从中找到什么理由来绞死他（黎塞留）”的又一演绎，而是在现代社会一个人为自己的言论付出的真实的代价。

随着美国的资产阶级xx大xx运动继续发展，很多学术/技术圈里没有政治敏感性，认死理，还喜欢瞎bb的人会被拖出来打成反动派。dan povey和stallman只是开始。。。