生物进化史上有没有胎生变为卵生的进化现象？ 第1页

有。二十世纪末就有证据表明某些蜥蜴和蛇从胎生改为卵生^[1]，其中一部分物种可能在卵生与胎生间反复横跳^[2]。

生活在南美洲安第斯山脉的平咽蜥属蜥蜴的祖先是卵生的，在高海拔的山上适应寒冷而使用胎生。那之后，一些从山上迁移到山脚温暖环境的平咽蜥属蜥蜴重新采用卵生^[3]。

追溯到过去，你要考虑到“3.8亿年前盾皮鱼曾经使用脐带来胎生”的化石记录^[4]。

参考

1. ^ de Fraipont, M., Clobert, J. and Barbault, R. (1996), THE EVOLUTION OF OVIPARITY WITH EGG GUARDING AND VIVIPARITY IN LIZARDS AND SNAKES: A PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS. Evolution, 50: 391-400. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1996.tb04501.x
2. ^ Early origin of viviparity and multiple reversions to oviparity in squamate reptiles. R. Alexander Pyron Frank T. Burbrink. Ecology Letters (2013) 17: 13–21
3. ^ Esquerré, D., Brennan, I.G., Catullo, R.A., Torres‐Pérez, F. and Keogh, J.S. (2019), How mountains shape biodiversity: The role of the Andes in biogeography, diversification, and reproductive biology in South America's most species‐rich lizard radiation (Squamata: Liolaemidae). Evolution, 73: 214-230. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13657
4. ^ Long, J., Trinajstic, K., Young, G. et al. Live birth in the Devonian period. Nature 453, 650–652 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature06966